| Variables | int x = 5; | Declaring a variable |
| Data Types | int, float, double, char, string | Common data types in C++ |
| Arrays | int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; | Declaring an array |
| Pointers | int* ptr = &x; | Declaring a pointer |
| Functions | void myFunction() { ... } | Defining a function |
| If Statements | if (x > 0) { ... } | Basic if statement |
| Loops | for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { ... } | For loop |
| While Loops | while (x < 5) { ... } | While loop |
| Switch Statements | switch (x) { case 1: ...; break; } | Switch statement |
| Classes | class MyClass { ... }; | Defining a class |
| Inheritance | class ChildClass : public ParentClass {} | Inheriting a class |
| Exception Handling | try { ... } catch (exception& e) { ... } | Handling exceptions |
| File I/O | ifstream file("file.txt"); | Reading from a file |
| Constructors/Destructors | MyClass() { ... } ~MyClass() { ... } | Constructor and Destructor |
| Namespaces | namespace ns { ... } | Defining a namespace |
